Which medication is a short-term appetite suppressant option for individuals aged 16 and older?

• A. Orlistat
• B. Phentermine
• C. Liraglutide
• D. Setmelanotide

Answer: (B)

Phentermine is a central nervous system–acting medication that suppresses appetite by increasing norepinephrine signaling in the hypothalamus. It is used for short-term weight management in individuals aged 16 and older, typically in combination with diet and exercise, and for a limited period (often up to about 12 weeks) due to concerns about tolerance and cardiovascular risks. Monitoring for increases in heart rate and blood pressure, along with other contraindications (such as hypertension, certain heart conditions, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, pregnancy, and interactions with MAO inhibitors), is essential.

Orlistat works by blocking fat absorption in the gut, not by suppressing appetite, and is used for long-term weight management. Liraglutide reduces appetite as a chronic therapy and is dosed over weeks to months for ongoing weight management. Setmelanotide targets specific genetic obesity disorders, not general adolescent obesity.