Which liver condition is associated with obesity and described in the material?

• A. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
• B. Acute viral hepatitis
• C. Alcoholic hepatitis
• D. Wilson disease

Answer: (A)

The condition linked to obesity is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In children with obesity, NAFLD is the most common chronic liver condition. It happens when excess insulin resistance drives fats into the liver and promotes fat buildup in hepatocytes, while fat oxidation is impaired. This causes fatty accumulation (steatosis), and in some individuals the process can trigger inflammation and injury (nonalcoholic steatohepatitis), potentially leading to fibrosis over time if obesity and metabolic risk factors persist. Often there are no specific symptoms, but liver enzymes may be mildly elevated and imaging may show hepatic steatosis. Management focuses on weight reduction and increased physical activity, which can reduce liver fat and improve or even reverse the condition. This is distinct from acute viral hepatitis (infection-driven), alcoholic hepatitis (alcohol-related), and Wilson disease (copper metabolism disorder), which are not primarily associated with obesity.